Wood-turning lathe



(No Mdel'.)

G. H.v GGWDREY.

Woon TURNING LATER.

No. 273,227. Patented 7910.271883.

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Ntrnn STATES A'rnN'r 'erica CHARLES IH. COVDREY, OF FITCHBURG, MASSACHUSETTS.

WOO D-TURNING' LATH E.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 273,227, dated February 27, 1883.V

Application tiled May 8, 1882. (No model.)

To all 'whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES H. GowDREY, of Fitchburg, in the county of Worcester and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain Improvements in VVood-Turning Lathes, of which theV following is a specication. 4

This invention relates, first, to the holder ot' the roughing-tool; secondly, to the holderl of the forming tool or tools; and, thirdly, to the 1o cutting-oft' tool, all ot' which are supported. on

zo of this specification, Figure l represents a side 3o and z z', Figs. 2 and l.

elevation of a portion ot'a lathe embodying my improvements. Figs. 2 and 3 represent respectively sections on lines a: a: and y y, Fig. 1, looking toward the carriage. Fig. 3a represents a plan view of the center-rest and the rougher bed and tool. Fig. 4 represents a perspective view ot' the cutting-ott` tool and the devices for operating the same. Figs. 5 and 6 represent respectively sections on lines z z Fig. `7 represents a transverse section of the rougher-bed. Fig. 8 represents a section on line x w, Fig. 4. Fig. 9 represents a section on line x2 :102, Fig. 4. Fig. l() represents a perspective view ot' the holder ot' the cutting-oit' tool.

The same letters of reference indicate the same parts in all the figures.

In the drawings, A represents theframe or bed .of a lathe, having alongitudinal opening, the sides a a of which constitute the guides or ways on which slide the tail-stock B andthe carriage C.

Between the guides or ways a and the proximate surfaces of the carriage C and tail-stock B are interposed gibs or plates a?, which are backed by screws a3, passing through parts of the carriage and tail-stock, which are adjacent to the guides a. The gibs a2 are rendered adjustable by means of the screws, so that they 5o will take up or prevent any lost or lateral moy tion between the carriage and tail-stock and the guides a a, and thus enable said carriage and tail-stock to be kept perfectly true withont, the slightest lateral displacement. The plates and screws enable the inevitable wear of the rubbing-surfaces of the guides and earriage and tail-stock to be compensated for with but slight cost.

D represents the inner end of the head-stock, the same being supported from the bed A by suitable means, (not shown in the drawings.)

To the carriage C are attached the centerrest E and the roughing-tool F. The roughing-tool is supported on a rougher-bed, B', which is com posed ot' a base, 2, and an upper section, 3. The base 2 is connected at its inner end by a pivot, 4, to the center-rest, so as to beeapable of swinging vertically, and is secured at its outer end by a screw, 5, passing through a slot, 6, in the center-rest, said slot and screw enabling the bed to be turned on the pivot 4 to vary the inclination of the rough ing-tool.

' The section 3, to which the roughing-tool is directly attached by a clamp, 7, is connected to the base 2 by a pivot, 8, so that the section and tool can be turned laterally 011 the base to vary the angle of presentation of the rou ghin gtool to the stiel; being turned, and therefore cause the tool to remove 'a chip which is vmore or less rank.77 ln other words, the cutting end of the roughing-tool can be fixed at any desired angle to the stick, the rankness or depth of the cut increasing with the angle formed by the cutting end ofthe tool and the stick, and vice versa.

The section 3 is provided with a. rigid arm, 9, in which is journaled a bolt, 10, the inner end of which is threaded, and enters a threaded orifice in the base 2 of the rougher-bed. By turning the bolt l0, which is provided with fixed collars or enlargements on each side ot' the arm 9, so that it cannot move lengthwise independently of said arm, the upper section, 3, of the rougher-bed is turned on its pivot in one direction or the other, said section be` ing positively held by the bolt l() at any point o' i N the main portion ot' which rests in a similarlyl tapered socket of the shank. The tapering form ofthe pin and its socket enables the pin, when moved lengthwise, to closely ill the socket and prevent lost motion of the toolholder on the pin. I provide the ends ot' the pin with check-nuts J J to enable it to be adjusted lengthwise.

VVrepresents an oil-cup orhollow boss formed on the shank H' and communicating with the socket of the pin I, so as to lubricatc the latter. The tooLholder is enabled by its pivot to oscillate toward and lrom the work supported by the head and tail stocks, so as to cause the tool or tools held in the cavity H2' of the toolholder to approach and recede from the work.

The shank H' ofthe tool-holder is composed ot' two parts, as shown in Figs. 1 and Q-viz., the lower part, pivoted to the lugs Gr G, and provided with a recess or mortise, lr, in its up per end, and the upper part, having the toolholder H", and provided with a tongue or tenon, r', projecting downwardly into the niortise r and adapted to slide vertically therein,so as to adjust the tool-holder vertically.

The tool-holder is secured to the lower part of the shank in any position to which it may be adjusted by a bolt, r2, having a clampingnut and passing through the lower part ofthe shank H' and through a slot, s, in the tongue r'. Provision is thus made for regulating the height o the tools in the holder H2 to suit the requirements ot' the work.

K represents the cutting-offtool,which is attached to a holder, L, which is adjustably secured to a slotted bracket, L', attached to a slide or plate, M, adapted to reciprocate vertically between guides N N on the inner side ota plate, C', wh1ch is adjustably secured to one ot' the side pieces ofthe carriage C. (See Fig. 4.)

The holder L has a vertical slot, l', in one side, over which project ips l2 Z2, and in its opposite side is provided with horizontal slots Z3, which are cut through to meet the slot l'. The slot l' receives the cuttingoo tool,and the slots Z3 receive the parts or arms of the bracket L' on either side o't' the horizontal slot of said bracket.

The holder L is provided with a threaded stud, Z4, which projects through the slot ot the bracket L', and has a uut, l, which bears against the bracket L', and when screwed home binds the tool K, the holder L, and the bracket L' firmly together,the tool K bearing against the side of the bracket opposite to that on which the nut bears, and being drawn toward the bracket by the action of the nut, which bears at once.on the two arms of the bracket, and thus secures the tool K at two points.

The horizontal slot in the bracket L' enables the holder L and tool K to be adjusted horizontally in a direction at right angles to the stick, so that the point of the tool K, as it rises, may be caused to move directly toward the center of the sticker toward a point outeraser side of the center. The tool K is made laterally adjustab1e,'so as to cut oft' the stick at any desired point by means ot' a horizontal slot, Z6,

in the side piece of the carriage G, (see Fig. 8,) a stud, li, projecting from the back of the plate G' through said slot and a clamping-nut, Z8, on the stud. The cutting-off tool is therefore enabled to be moved laterally or lengthwise of the stick a distance proportioned to the length of the Aslot Z6, and is held by the nut l8 in any position to which it may be adjusted.

The lower end of the slide M is provided with a pin, M', which enters a slot, O, in an angular knee-levend?, which is pivoted at R3 to an arm, S, rigidly attached to and projecting` downwardly from the carriage U.

It' represents a spiral spring, one end of which bears upon one of the teeth or shoulders ot' a toothed disk, R2, which is afxed to the outer end of the axle or stud R3, on which the knee-lever is pivoted, the spring R' being coiled upon the azrleV t3. The other end of the spring bears upon the pin M' of the slide LNI and exerts a downward pressure thereon, whereby the cutting-eti' tool, the knee-lever, and the connected parts hereinafter described are quickly restored to their normal positions when the knee lever is released.

The tension of the spring may be regulated by engaging it with diii'erent teeth or shoul ders ot' the disk R2, the end of the spring being bent to forni a tooth adapted to engage with either of the teeth of the disk R2.

U represents a vertical slide having at its lower end a pin, V, entering the slot 0 and extending,upwardly between guides b b on a plate or lever, c, which is pivoted at d' to a portion ofthe carriage C. (See Fig. 3.) The slide U is adapted to reciprocate vertically between its guides b I), and is connected by a link, ci, with the lower end of the shank H' of the tool-holder H.

It will be observed that when the outer end of the lever P is pressed inwardly by the knee of the operator in the direction indicated by the arrow in Fig. 2 its inner end will be raised and caused to raise both the slide U and the slide M in consequence of the engagement of -the pins V and M' of said slides with the slot O of the lever. The pin M' of the slide M is in the inner end of the slot O, while the pin V ot' the slide U is in the outer end of said slot. Hence the slide U is raised more rapidly than the slide M. When the slide U is depressed the link dis inclined upwardlyfrorn the slide to the shank H' of the tool-holder, and when said slide is raised the link irst approaches a horizontal position and then becomes inclined, in doing which it first turns the shank of the tool-holder on its pivot, so as to move the tool-holder inwardly toward the work and then in the opposite direction, so as to move the tool-holder away from the work. Meanwhile the cutting-oft` tool K is being raised by the slide M, but the inward movement of the tool-holder and the consequent action ofthe tool or tools held thereby is com- IOO IIO

IZO

pleted before the cutting-olf tool commences to act on the work, said tool commencing and completing its action while the tool-holder is -moving away from the work. The tool-holder and cutting-oft' tool are therefore operated successively and by the same knee-lever, their operation being toa certain extentautomaticthat is to say, the cutting-oft' tool cannot operate until the reducing tool or tools 'of the toolholder C have done their work and the reducing tool or tools cannot interfere with the cutting-off tool.

The plate or lever c, having the guides b b of the slide U, may be turned on its pivot d' by means of a screw-shaft, t', jonrnaled in a lug, j, on the carriage C, said shaft passing through a threaded orifice in a lug, k, on the plate c. The object of turning the plate c on its` pivot is to vary the inclination ofthe guides b b and slide U, and thus, through the medium of the link d, vary alsothe inclination of the pivoted stock H of the tool-holder H, so that the latter may stand normally nearer to or farther from the work. The screw-shaft i is provided with a hand-Wheel, m, for convenience in rotating it.

To prevent lateral motion of the carriage C, I interpose between it and one of the guides a a strip of sheet metal, n, preferably steel.

p represents a back-stop on the carriage C, to limit the outward movement of the toolholder.

It will be observed that the slotted bracke L' and the holder L, slotted to receive the bracket, and the laterally-adjustable plate C',

guiding the slide to which the bracket is rigidly affixed, constitute a very firm substantial support for the cutting-oft' tool, permitting its adjustment both crosswise and lengthwise of the stick. rIhe adjusting and operating movements of the cutting-off tool are all. rectilinear and controlled by guides, there heilig no pivots nor oscillating movements.

I am aware that a cutting-off tool having right-angular intersecting grooves therein and a binding-screw for confining the tool and. its holder is not new.` I therefore confine myself to the construction claimed.

I claim- 1. In a lathe, the combination, with the center-carriage, of the roughing-tool holder, base 2, pivoted to the center-carriage, and made y vertically adjustable at one end, as described,

the upper section, 3, having means for holding the roughing-tool, pivoted to swing laterally on the base 2, and provided with the arm 9,

and the screw-bolt l0, journaledin the said arm, and working in a tapped socket in the base 2, whereby the rougher-tool is adjusted laterally, and positively held at any position to which it may be adjusted, as set forth.

2. The combination, with the work-holding devices, of the tool-holderhaving a pivoted stock, the cutting-off tool, adapted to be reciprocated in xed guides, the pivoted slotted lever P, the slide M, supporting the cuttingoft' tool, and engaged with the inner end of the slot of the lever P, and the slide U, engaged with the outer end of said slotand connected with the stock of the tool-holder by a link, d, t-he engagement of the slides M and U respectively with the outer and inner ends of said slot causing the slide U to be raised more rapidly than the slide M, as set forth.

3. The combination, with the tool-holder and its pivoted shank, of the slide U, connected to the shank by the link d, the pivoted plate c, having the guides of the slide U, and means for turning the plate c on its pivot to effect the adjustment of the tool-holder through the intermediate devices, as set forth.

4. The combination of the tool-holder, its shank H', having a tapering socket, and the tapering pin I, lugs G G, and thumb-nuts J, substantially as described, whereby `the lost motion may be provided against, as set forth.

5. The combination, with the holder L, provided with fasteningscrew, 1 of the slotted clamp L', slide M, guides N, plate C', slotted center-carriage (l, screw L7, and nut l", substantially as described, whereby vertical, longitudinal, and side motion is given the toolholder, as set forth. 4

6. The combinationof the cutting-off tool K, the holder L, having a vertical slot, l', in one side to receive said tool, and transverse slots 13 Z3 in the other side, meeting .the slot l', the slotted bracket L', the arms or parts of which are fitted in the slots Z3, the screw-stud lt and its nut, having the enlarged head adapted to bear at once on the two arms of the bracket, and the tool K, whereby the holder L is -secured or clamped at two points, as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specication, in the presence of subscribing witnesses, this 28th day of April, A. D. 1882.`

CHARLES H. GOWDREY.

Witnesses:

CHAs. S. HAYDEN, WM. H. ANGLETON, ALBERT SAWYER.

IOC 

